Social Movements During The Vietnam War - 1709 Words

Throughout history, the majority of U.S. citizens have always supported their country’s involvement in wars because it has always benefitted them through economic booms and unifying effects on the nation. However, one of the most important social movements in American history was the Antiwar Movement, which took place from the 1950s to 1970s but mainly during the 1960s when the U.S. was involved in the Vietnam War (Kowalski). Most protests involved â€Å"teach-ins† at universities or draft card burnings (Kowalski). In April of 1967, the Student Mobilization Committee organized a mass card burning in Sheep’s Meadow, NY and in October of 1967, one of the largest antiwar marches took place in Washington D.C. (Galt, â€Å"Putting Principles Behind†). The movement was about trying to convince the U.S. government that involvement in the Vietnam War was not worth the deaths of thousands of Americans and to back out of the war (Galt, â€Å"A War in Asia†). Mostly college students and middle class white Americans were involved in the antiwar protests (Baron, Scinta). African Americans were also against the war, but were preoccupied with fighting for their own civil rights at the same time (Galt, â€Å"Putting Principles Behind Bars†). Those against the war were known as doves for their peaceful nature and those supporting the war, mainly WW2 veterans, were called hawks because of their predatory nature (Galt, â€Å"A War in Asia†). Women were also involved, serving as nurses and counselors for veterans andShow MoreRelatedEugene McCarthy ´s Speech Against the Vietnam War1305 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst the Vietnam War? From the early 1960s up until the year 1973, America was going through the Anti-War Movement. The movement had many leaders, supporters, and followers, including Martin Luther King Jr., Eugene McCarthy, and Robert F. Kennedy. 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During his presidency, he was not able to implement his promises successfully. â€Å"Without a clear Democratic majority in Congress he was unable to increase federal aid to education, provide health insurance for the aged, create a cabinet-level department of urban affairs, or expand civil rights† (Tindall and Shi 1050). His successor Johnson, committed to New Deal Democratic Liberalism, launch ed a War on Poverty and the so-called Great Society, a large array of social reform programsRead MoreLosing Vietnam On The Home Front1672 Words   |  7 Pages Losing Vietnam on the Home-front Forty six years have passed since the United States officially stopped their involvement in Vietnam. Not since the Civil war had the country been so torn. Every American family was impacted, losing husbands, sons, and daughters. Over fifty thousand Americans were killed and many more still suffer deep physical and emotional scars . 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The U.S. involvement in Vietnam began with Harry Truman aiding the French in an imperial war from 1946-1954Read MoreDomestic Changes After Cold War1071 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War, lasting from 1945 to 1991, was a period of time where the United States undertook a numerous amount of social, physical, and domestic changes. As the nations economy prospered due to the war, the citizens grew more comfortable with certain social modifications. In other words, the American state of mind changed which left the country vulnerable to various changes in domesticity. As the country furthered from the likelihood of econom ic depression, birth rates increased as well as marriagesRead MoreThe Vietnam War: A Brief Analysis1396 Words   |  6 Pages Still, even though the Cold War is over, there are many reasons why the history of the Vietnam War should remain fresh and the effort to grasp both the war and the antiwar opposition remain essential. The Vietnam War is, of course, an episode in military history. The episode’s setting is during the Cold War in Vietnam and the central theme of the episode was to pit capitalism and or democracy against communism. In light of this, the movement against the Vietnam War could be said as one of the greatestRead MoreHow Music Affected the Anti-Vietnam Movement1226 Words   |  5 Pagesconflict is big enough, war. There have been many great battles and wars in the past, but one of the most controversial and protested war in human history was the Vietnam War. As World War II ended, the young males returned to their homes. They began families which brought a s ignificant number of new children into the world. This dramatic increase in the number of births is called the Baby Boom. The Baby Boomers were new generation of people. As the world started to recover from the war, time passed, butRead MoreSocial Changes During The 1960 S1254 Words   |  6 Pagesthe social, political, and economic spectrums. These social changes involved challenges to the conservative status quo of the time. Parts that contributed to this social revolution were new developments in the Feminist Movement, the Civil Rights Movement, and a rebellious counterculture. The political changes of this time period were embodied by the continuation and extension of the Vietnam War, new laws pertaining to civil rights, and the emergence of a the New Left. Economic changes during the

Clientelism, Tribalism, and Ethnic Conflict in Africa Free Essays

string(26) " trade and other bonuses\." In this essay I will firstly examine and break down the components of the question. I will separate and clarify the meaning of Clientelism, Tribalism and Ethnic Conflict and deal with each of these as separate enterties. Although I will argue each of them on a separate basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Clientelism, Tribalism, and Ethnic Conflict in Africa or any similar topic only for you Order Now I aim also to show the complex interlinked relationships between the three themes, and argue that because of this the central argument of the question is not easily agreed or disagreed with. My main argument however, will be to disagree with the central question and advocate that Clientelism was a part of Africa’s tradition long before any notion of modernity and colonial influence was present in the continent. I will provide empirical evidence, which supports the inherent presence of Clientelism, and also show how it has strong links with Tribalism, in both its history and modern perpetuation. Tribalism however is a different matter and I agree with the central statement and advocate that modern African tribalism and notions of ethnicity were mainly a direct result of colonial imposed modernity restructuring. For the final part of my answer I will provide an argument that African ethnic conflict lies somewhere between the two extremes, that it was present in African society before colonial modernity and it was further exacerbated by the restructuring that colonialism brought about. In my conclusion I will further justify my arguments and advocate a thesis for future development in Africa on tribalism, ethnic conflict and clientelism. Whether clientelism, tribalism and ethnic conflict were a product not of tradition but of modernity in Africa and a type of development is a difficult and complex question in many respects, but one to which I have a strong argument. To study this it would be practical to firstly define what I shall mean by modernity and â€Å"the type of development† in relation to the main statement, as it will form the crux of my argument. By modernity and type of development in Africa I will be focusing on colonialism and justifying whether clientelism, tribalism and ethnic conflict were present before the arrival of colonialization or whether they emerged from the new society that restructuring colonial development brought with it. I believe through looking at African society in its modern context and studying empirical data that it is evident to determine whether the three main themes of this essay where present before or a after product. What is not so clear however is the complex linkages between and the contexts they operate in. I advocate for instance that it is impossible to separate out clientelism from tribalism, and that ethnic conflict is closely related to both of these. Due to this in order to justify and construct my argument I must separate out clientelism, tribalism and ethnic conflict and study them individually. Clientelism To determine from what circumstances Clientelism in African emanated it is important to define the term itself and what it means in African society. Clientelism is also known as patron-client relations/politics, and in its modern form is highly evident in African society. This clientelism is an exchange between actors who have unequal balance of power, one being weaker, and the other being stronger. It is the patron who is the more powerful and the client who is normally the weaker of the two. The exchange between client and patron is formed when the more powerful patron offers something, be it scarce resources or protection to the weaker client. This weaker client offers something back in return, perhaps support or other services to the patron who is in a more dominant position. † bound up with important ties of reprocity linking those who are related within networks of vertical relationships. Clientelism can be viewed on both micro and macro levels as a phenomenon of African society (although it is evident elsewhere),and to assess from where this Clientelism originated from it is necessary to see where it is present in modern society. In modern day Africa these patron -client relationships are most visible in the political arena. I argue that clientelism although it is pervasive in African politics did not emerge as a direct result of colonisation, which most people would view as the birthplace of modern African politics and political institutions as a result of the restructuring of African society. Instead I advocate that Clientelism, although present in modern day politics was in place well before the colonial era and was present in tradition and the era before any notion of modernity was in Africa. I believe clientelism was evident in the traditional African way of life. Pre-Colonial African society was in terms stateless. There was no formal state. African society was based around a system of patron-client relationships, which were the fundamental core of society. Where there was no state there was no other system, in a vast continent holding various competing tribes and peoples in order for there to be a ‘society’ arbitrating, protecting and trade were all centred around these unequal deals between various networks. â€Å"The power relations of pre-colonial Africa were typically of patrons and clients. ‘Big Men’ presided over intricate networks of clientage involving reciprocal but unequal relations with ‘small boys’, as well as power over women and children and those held in the diverse forms and degrees of servitude of pawnship and slavery. 2 Patron-client networks as evident today I argue are based around extended family (and later as I will discuss) tribal loyalties evident from traditional African life. â€Å"African communities were pervaded by relations of domination and dependence, based on patriarchal power exercised across differences of genders and generations, lineages and clans, languages and cultures. â€Å"3 The arrival of Colonialism and modernity had utilised these already existing patron-client relationships and used them for their own ends. The colonial administrators sought chief headmen and perpetuated clientelism by supplementing their meagre salaries and earnings they gained from their official positions with monies gained from trade and other bonuses. You read "Clientelism, Tribalism, and Ethnic Conflict in Africa" in category "Papers" (Berman) â€Å"Chiefs and headmen were the essential linkage between the colonial state and African societies. This relationship typically took on a patron-client form, and had several important and contradictory consequences. â€Å"4 So I argue rather than colonialism creating these patron client linkages it merely utilised them. I believe that clientelism at it is today stemmed from the traditional African societies. So to reiterate African society pre-colonial era although traditional was not so natural and traditionally uncorrupted to be devoid of the practice of clientelism that we so readily see as corruption today. That is was present and a working framework for society. â€Å"The other runs the risk, in reaction, of idealising the virtues of a pre-colonial era supposedly devoid of corruption, the growth of which is supposed to have been caused by the perversion of the social order induced by the arrival of the colonialist Europeans. â€Å"5 I argue that modernity and the formation of formal political institutions and frameworks of power merely perpetuated Clientelism and provided new avenues for the patron-client relationships based on new networks of power. What had always gone on before merely was allowed to operate in a new arena. African politics became â€Å"politics of the belly†, where individuals used public office for private gain. The scarcity of resources in Africa being as it is, if one person holds an office where he/she controls resources or power politics becomes a way of utilising patron-client networks to distribute these resources and gain support and power. made patron/client relations not only the fundamental mode of access to the state and its resources, but also, as in pre-colonial society, the fundamental relationship between ordinary people and those with wealth or power. † As before in pre-colonial society clientelism formed the basis of a persons power through the number of people he had domination and arrangements over, now in politics a persons political power is based on how many people pledge support through reciprocal client-patron networks in return for favours. Clientelism hasn’t been formed it has merely morphed into a new generation of deals. â€Å"Where land was plentiful and populations small, wealth and power were measured in control of people, in having a large following of family and non-kin dependants. â€Å"7 In politics this clientelism has become diverse, not created by modernity but adapted for its use in formal political positions. Peter Ekeh (1975) described this as being the formation in African society of two publics, where Clientelism has been and always is the norm. That the same political actors act in both systems of a Civic public and the Primordial public. The citizen in the Civic public works in the beaurocratic institutions of the state, in a supposedly amoral system. The citizen takes from his position and gives nothing in return. This is through clientelism and a network of contacts where state resources and power can be distributed in this way. However the same person in his Primordial public, largely associated with ethnic tribalism and belonging to an extended family/ community, gives out and gets nothing in return. Due to the kinship of this the actor is expected to do good for his own community, by using his political position. The key idea in Ekeh’s case then is that the ‘good man channels part of the largesse of the civic public to the primordial public. ‘ This shows the complex links between the old clientelism networks and what I will argue as the more modern artificial tribal relationships in African society. Tribalism Tribalism in its present form in Africa however is not a traditional aspect of African culture I argue as Clientelism had been, but a product of the development imposed on the region by Colonialism. Colonialism and the social and economic changes it brought with it ‘created’ the sense of tribalism and strong ethnic identities that are present in modern Africa. That tribes were not traditionally based but created in a means to gain power, resources and recognition in the process of colonial modernising. â€Å"The accumulating weight of evidence shows that African ethnicity and its relationship to politics is new not old: a response to capitalist modernity shaped by similar forces to those related to the development of ethnic nationalism in Europe since the late nineteenth century. † This is not to say there were not tribes in the pre-colonial era, but I believe what tribes existed there were, not so ethnically divided. That the tribes were various groups of mixed race and language peoples who were in a constant state of flux, without the fixed ethnic boundaries one finds today. â€Å"Pre-colonial political and socio-cultural boundaries were marked by fuzziness and flexibility; and Africans existed within a reality of multiple, overlapping and alternative collective identities. â€Å"9 What created these tribal identities therefore if they were not present in traditional African society was the arrival of colonialism. Europeans were of the assumption that African tribes were the basis of society. That the tribes had neat compact boundaries and consisted of culturally identical peoples. This assumption I argue was the basis for tribal creation, as the missionaries especially and other state institutions sought to formalise and categorise these tribal units. The recording of culture and the teaching to a whole area of a ‘supposedly’ local language, which in many cases was merely a local dialect, began to bring differing peoples together. This wiped out some cultural differences and creating false collectives of tribal peoples often not historically related, but brought together by colonial boundaries. â€Å"The ideology and culture of colonialism, especially in the imagining of African societies by colonial officials and European missionaries, provided the dominant cognitive context moulding the invention of tribes and their customs by Africans themselves. â€Å"10 If the colonial rulers and administration could claim links with these tribes then, through working with the ‘traditional’ ruling groups in Africa they gained legitimacy in their operations and ruling of the area. By working with these fixed tribes, the colonial rulers could fragment and control the local populace by breaking it down into smaller loyal groups. In reality the creation of tribes made it easier for the colonial beaurocracy to rule. â€Å"Each administrative unit ideally contained a single culturally and linguistically homogenous ‘tribe’ in which people continued to live within the indigenous institutions and were subject to ‘tribal discipline’ through local structures of authority. â€Å"11 Although this was a key issue in the creation of Africa tribalism however, I believe that the stronger reason for the formation of tribes was for political gain and recognition. Due to this European notion of African tribalism, in order to hold power with the colonial administration actors must be part of a clearly fixed ethnic group. This created political tribalism, which was the creation of ethnicities by elite groups in African society to gain access to resources and to seek the foundations for a conservative modernisation. In short it was the manipulation of tribal ethnic identities by Africans themselves for political and economic gains in the face of colonial changes. † Ethnic collective action’, according to Mozaffar, ‘is predominantly a process of strategic political interaction between self-interested actors with divergent interests’. 12 Ethnic Conflict Ethnic Conflict has both strong links with tribalism and clientelism in Africa. I believe its origin is not so easy to pinpoint as it has been for tribalism and patron-client relations but that ethnic conflict is merely a product of the two. It was evident in pre-colonial society and was heightened and exacerbated by the modern formation of tribes in the colonial era as I have previously described. Ethnic Conflict was present in traditional African society. African society had never been egalitarian in nature, and a society in which there are unequal power relations is ultimately to have conflict in its midst. † Pre-colonial societies were thus full of conflict and competition, instability and change. † What I believe was created by the form of colonial development placed on Africa was the increase in ethnic tensions as new tribes and identities were created. Resources in Africa are still scarce and the modern beaurocratic frame work and political distribution of power has led to ethnic conflict becoming more fierce and modern in its use of warfare and state apparatus. The tribal divisions between the Hutus and Tutsis and the ensuing Rwandan war and genocide are examples of this. As the colonial era ‘created’ false country borders this conflict now often seeps out between neighbouring countries, comprising of different tribal identities over land and resources. I believe the colonial era did not create tribal conflict but merely change the scale that it is played out upon and provided it with state apparatus, militia, armies that now take conflict into a modern era, on a wider and more devastating scale. Conclusion It is clear to see then that tribalism, ethnic conflict and clientelism, although intricately related all have different origins. I advocate however that they were all evident in some way or form before any type of modernity was present in Africa. Although I believe Clientelism and ethnic conflict were not created by the development in the colonial era they were not solved or prevented by colonial restructuring. They still persist today. Ethic conflict I argue was present before the arrival of the Europeans in Africa on a localised scale as fighting between the complex and varied tribes on the continent. With the arrival of colonialism I believe it was merely aggravated by the adaptation of formal tribes and the struggle in politics for scarce resources, power and recognition. I argue that it has merely adapted and become a more serious problem as the apparatus of state have been used to fight wars etc. The conflict now envelops far larger groups of people and even countries constructed by the colonial boundaries of ethnicity and country. Clientelism is pervasive throughout African politics. It is our normative viewing of clientelism today, as corruption in Africa that I believe has led to some believing it was is not in existence in pre-colonial society but a product of the introduction of formal politics and modernity in Africa. of idealising the virtues of a pre-colonial era supposedly devoid of corruption, the growth of which is supposed to have been caused by the perversion of the social order induced by the arrival of colonialist Europeans. † What I believe we must consider however that we are applying the principles of the old African order rather to a new context of modern development and democratic politics, etc where impartiality is presupposed. This is what makes us view clientelism as a modern phenomenon rather than its rightful place as a traditional form of dealings in African society. This is the opposite with tribalism, where many suppose it as a traditional part of African society. It was this European view of tribalism that thought of it as such, however closer examination reveals it to be a politically dynamic and deliberately constructed phenomenon. It was not a traditional aspect of society that was carried over into colonial modernity but a means by which if African created a concrete identity they could gain power and resources in a system which colonialism brought about. How to cite Clientelism, Tribalism, and Ethnic Conflict in Africa, Papers

Childhood Development among Teachers †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Understanding Childhood Development among Teachers. Answer: Introduction A clear understanding of early childhood development is essential for teachers, institutions, and families to ensure the factors that influence childhood development the most and work on them. The work by Jackson and Needham (2014) explains the impact of the engagement of parents in the education of their young children. The key ideas learned from week seven readings and discussions include: the involvement of parents in the education of their children as partners, the nature and impact of the support offered by the parents and families of the children in the quality of the education, the impact of the involvement of families in childhood education and the overall impact of such collaborations (Jackson Needham, 2014). This activity inclines my thoughts in favour of Vygotskys Theory that emphasizes the crucial role of social interactions in cognitive development. My ideas have been extended and re-modelled from the assumption that children gain the most from what they learn in school to the reality of their main source of learning being the environment and communities, and their social interactions with the same. My understanding of Jean Piagets explanations of development is challenged where I realize that no complete development is comprehensive without the consideration of the social interactions that contribute to such development REF. As a result, I believe there is need for further research for the solid establishment of the impact of social interactions in learning and the extent of improvement in learning that such social interactions provide. This study and the information gathered from the study impacts on my practice and research that focuses on the most effective and positive strategies required for the healthy upbringing of children. The additional information on the importance of parents in the learning process of their children contributes to my research on how to get through to parents to encourage positive upbringing methods for the health development of their children. I have new effective areas of focus for a successful project. The experiences of a child in their living, growing, and learning environments determined their early childhood development. According to WHO Commission and the social determinant of health by Human Early Partnership (2010), different situations expose the child to different windows of childhood development. Discovery: The existing situation consists of evidence of success among organizations that focus on the involvement of families, and other parties through slid collaborative partnerships. The root of the partnerships is the need for the various agencies to come together and share information and ideas that are relevant to their field (Munt, 2003). Dream: Since most of the collaborative networks are not solid, there are efforts to develop solid relationships through negotiation and more formal commitment policies, and the development of new skills. Design: The envisioned design is that which involves networking through negotiations, openness to contributions, and support of new ideas. They also include cooperation through the matching up of needs to eliminate duplication. There is also coordination, coalition, and multi-sector collaboration using a shared vision. Delivery: The achievements and sustainability efforts constitute the deliverables. The group work and collaborations in research have taught me how to work together towards relevant conclusions. I shall benefit from what I have learned as an educational leader someday where major decisions need discussions with various parties for the arrival to the most relevant conclusions. I have also come to understand the importance of collective group research and its impact in strengthening case studies during research. When the various ideas and research items from various members of the group are put together, the different points of views are married to make s strong and relevant conclusion. Taking what I have learned during the semester, I shall specifically focus on childhood education as a part of my career. I shall also emphasize on special consideration to childhood education during my practice. In addition to that, I shall emphasize on the importance of comprehensive discussions prior to making major decisions because of the objectivity and diversity of perspectives found in group opinions, points of views, research, and propositions during discussions. Building resilience of the child during their early years is essential for their future development which consists of challenges, disappointments and rewards. This reading and discussion looks into the provision of a positive learning environment to enhance resilience, the impact of classroom practice and relationships in modelling the behaviour and language of the children, teaching social skills and self-regulation, the provision of structures and choices, and impartation of play skills among the children. It also consists of parent-school collaborations and awareness of the social learning environment of the children (Garvis Pendergast, 2017). The research work gets me thinking about the importance of structuring the education of children through monitored play and social interactions for the identifications of the strengths or weaknesses of the child. The information gathered is that the teachers use for the improvement of the system through special attention and interactions with the different children to build their resilience. I also come to realize the importance and impact of resilience impartation during childhood. The involvement of parents also gives an accurate analysis of the needs of the children in the building of their resilience. This module impacts my approach and attitude towards childhood learning in terms of the best approach to use. I am inclined towards the Reggio Emilia approach, an approach I came across during me research. The approach takes into consideration the importance of child-centred learning approaches and the involvement of families in the learning process. I now consider children as small vessels with numerous options which they can choose to exploit that various opportunities and possibilities throughout their lifetime (Moore, 2011; Lai, 2009). The key ideas gathered from this reading and discussions include the nature and impact of engagement of school curriculums with the parents, the resultant partnerships with the parents, the empowerment of such parents, and the importance and impact of the support of senior levels of the government. Only through a collaborative effort with the community and the government can the successful achievement of community-based education be a success. The need for the integration comes from the changing demographics in how Australian children are raised. The result is a negative outcome in the social and development and outcomes. The environments that influence childhood development the most include the relational community, civil society, and ECD services and programs. The environments of influence cut across the personal space of the child, then the family, the residential area, the region, the nation, and the global environment. The economic and policy characteristics of the various spheres affect the way that the environments shape childhood behaviours and personalities(Human Early Learning Partnership, 2010). The child gets their identity from the community identity which encultures them with the processes through the programs and services provided by the communities. As a teacher, the information gained from learning childhood development including the understanding that learning during childhood happens in all childhood activities is essential for the application of the most suitable teaching approaches. The proper investment in the early development of children helps in securing a successful and sustainable economic environment in the future. According to research, the learning space, guidance during interactions with the environment and other people, and the other children are essential in the success of the outcome of their learning process. There is also the alteration on my perspective of the cultural and educational backgrounds in shaping the mindsets of children which in turn affects their reception to change, abilities, and willingness to take risks. Conclusion The child gets their identity from the community identity which encultures them with the processes through the programs and services provided by the communities. There are also myths that come with communities in which children grow and shape their mindsets. One such myth is the belief that boys are inherently good at mathematics. There is even follow-up evidence that shows that boys have been performing better at mathematics than girls over the last 100 years. The environments that influence childhood development the most include the relational community, civil society, and ECD services and programs and must be considered for the best education and provision of opportunities for the children. References Dodge, D. (2007). Human Capital, Early Childhood Development and Economic Growth. Retrieved from Encyclopedia of Early Childhood Development: https://www.child-encyclopedia.com/importance-early-childhood-development/according-experts/human-capital-early-childhood-development Garvis, S., Pendergast, D. (2017). Health and Wellbeing in Childhood. New York: Cambridge University Press. Geake, J. (2008). Neuromythologies in education. Educational Research, 123-133. doi:10.1080/00131880802082518 Heckman, J. J., Schultz, H. (2007). Invest in the Very Young. Encyclopedia of Early Childhood Development. Hochanadel, A., Finamore, D. (2015). Fixed And Growth Mindset In Education And How Grit Helps Students Persist In The Face Of Adversity. Journal of International Education Research11.1, 11(1), 48-50. Human Early Learning Partnership. (2010, 1 12). What influences Early Child Development? Retrieved from YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rbcO4UmJbTs Jackson, D., Needham, M. (2014). Engaging with Parents in Early Years Settings. Sydney: Sage. Lai, Y. (2009). Reconsidering the education of gifted young children with the Reggio Emilia approach. Exceptionality education international, 19(3), 96-110. Moore, L. (2011). Learning and teaching in the early childhood years. Educating Young Children , 17(1), 37-41. Munt, R. (2003). Building Collaboration. Stronger Families Learning Exchange Bulletin, 6-8. Retrieved from WayBack Machine: https://web.archive.org/web/20150406035323/https://www.aifs.gov.au/sf/pubs/bull3/rm.html The New York State Education Department. (2006). New York State Prekindergarten Foundation for the Common Core. New York: The New York State Education Department. Yeager, D. S., Dweck, C. S. (2012). Mindsets That Promote Resilience: When Students Believe That Personal Characteristics Can Be Developed. EducationalPsychologist, 302314.

Silver Pavements Golden Roofs free essay sample

From the begin inning of the story, Sanity shows signs of assimilation and acceptance, to become an American. Before reaching America, she promises to give herself a typical American look as she mentions, As soon as I get to Chicago, I promise myself, I will have it cut and styled (70). She later states, I lick them, wanting to capture that taste, make it part Of me forever convincing the readers she has already started taking in the new environment around her (70). When Sanity arrives in America and meets her uncle and Aunt, she feels ashamed to practice her traditional customs openly n the public.As she says, l touch their feet like a good Indian girl should, though I am somewhat embarrassed. Everyone in the airport is watching us (72). This is where we see how assimilation begins to contribute to the loss of her customs and who she is. One of the main reason Sanity opens herself up to assimilation is her self- absorption of what she imagines the life in America will be like and live that life. We will write a custom essay sample on Silver Pavements Golden Roofs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Little does she know that the grass is greener on the other side. Even though her uncle, Buckram, points out the harsh reality of the struggles of life n America, as he says Things here arent as perfect as people at home like to thinkThe Americans hate us. Theyre always putting us down because were dark-skinned foreigners Youll see it for yourself soon enough, Sanity chooses to ignore it and focus on more colorful objects such as, the sky outside is filled with strange and beautiful stars which she claims to be ruined with his bitter words (75). Sanity chooses to disregard her uncle which shows that all she wants is everything to happen the way she imagines. In addition, disappointment is another reason Sanity chooses to let assimilation take over her self-identity.When she finally realizes that America is not as glamorous as she imagined, read about or saw in pictures, she feels disheartened. When she arrives, she looks forward in seeing, neat red brick house with matching flowery drapes, the huge, perfectly mowed lawn green like it had been painted, the shiny concrete driveway on which sat two shiny motorcars(73). However, she is greeted by a, crowded [apartment] with faded, over stuffed sofas and rickety end tables that look like theyve come from a larger place E tiny room am to occupy it is the same size as my bathroom at home (73, 74). On the other hand, we get a clear picture of what Sanity wants her life to be like. Her daydream of her more exciting matters in Modern Novel class gives readers a better understanding of her American Dream. In which she is wearing an ideal American private school clothing, with a typical American hair style, a handsome professor who falls in love with her and asks to marry her, unlike her Aunt, as she comments, No arranged marriage like Aunts for me (76).Finally, Sanitys first exposure to the world outside her Aunts house and the events that lead after, changes who she really is, and wants to become. When she and her Aunt run into the boys in the street, not only are they called Niger and experience racism for the first time, they also get attacked by the boys with slush. Furthermore, her Uncles reaction shocks Sanity even more when, the back of his hand catches Aunt Prima across the mouth, because she stepped out of the house without his permission(82).After overlooking these events, Sanity feels the need to assimilate and blend in onto her new found environment, as she says, notice that the snow has covered my own hands so they are no longer brown but white white white. And now it m akes Sense that the pain should be part Of each toothed (83). The repetition of white shows the urge of becoming white because she sees white as the only color that will not be discriminated against. And by pain, she refers to the struggles she will have to face so she can assimilate and feel accepted in the new environment she has decided to live in, as she states, until theyre completely covered.Until they do not hurt at all (83). Sanitys urgency to assimilate compels her to change herself just so she can blend in and become the person the society would accept. In this process, she loses her true identity just so she can achieve the American dream. This short story is a good explanation of Steve Forbears quote, The essence of the American dream is the understanding that we are here on this earth and in this land for a higher purpose Anything that stands in the way of the dream, we must fight. Anything that enhances the dream, we must support.

Constantine The Great Essays - Constantinian Dynasty, Valerii

Constantine The Great Essays - Constantinian Dynasty, Valerii Constantine The Great Constantine Constantine was one of the best known of the Roman emperors. Some important events of his reign include the Edict of Milan, which ended the persecution of Christians and made their worship legal, the battle of the Milvian Bridge, and the completion of the political and economic reforms that begun under Diocletian. Constantine was born in Naissus in Serbia. The date of his birth is not certain, being giving as early as 274 and as late as 288. His father Constantius was a member of an important Roman family. His mother, Helena, was the daughter of an innkeeper. When his father had become Casear of Gaul and Britain, he sent his son to the Eastern Emperor Galerius as a hostage. There he was kept at the court of Galerius. But Constantine returned soon after that to his dying fathers side in Britain. Soon after his fathers death, Constantine was immediately proclaimed Caesar by his troops. For five years Constantine was content with ruling Gaul and Britain. On of the famous stories about Constantine is of his vision from God on the night before the battle of the Milvian Bridge. Maxentius, the Roman emperor in Italy, had gathered a great number of legions against Constantine. Galerius had decided to tax the citizens of Italy, who had been exempt from taxes ever since Republican days. The Italian citizens resented this and proclaimed Maxentius emperor in an effort to get the taxes removed. According to the legend, Constantine saw the symbol of Jesus Christs power in the clouds and a message written in Latin, that read In this sign thou shalt conquer. Immediately, Constantine ordered artisans to place the sign of Christ on his soldiers shields. Constantine won that day with a great victory. Maxentius, was thrown from the Milvian Bridge into the Tiber River, making Constantine sole emperor of the Western half of the empire. After his victory he gave gratitude to the God of the Christians. About a year later, he announced the end to the pers ecution of Christians. From Milan, he granted both to the Christians and to all men freedom to follow the religion that they choose. By this famous Edict of Milan, Christianity became a religion approved by the emperor and in 395 Theodosious made Christianity the empires official religion. Eventually Constantine became sole emperor of the entire empire. He was also the president over the Council of Nicaea. His role at the Council of Nicaea, were important points in the early catholic church where the Holy Trinity was worked out. He also increased the role of the Catholic Bishops in high political office. In 325, Bishops from all over the Roman world gathered together to have Constantine help them decide on the nature of God. They worked out a doctrine of the Holy Trinity, in which Father, Son, and Holy Ghost were found to be equal persons in one God. The Arian heresy was denounced at the Council of Nicaea. The Arians believed that Jesus Christ was somehow of lesser importance, and had been created by, God the Father. The personalities for the most power of Constantine and Licinius caused trouble between the two. War broke out soon between the two over an incident in which Licinius chased some raiding barbarians into territory ruled by Constantine. Constantine defeated Licinius in two battles at Hadrianopolis and Chrysopolis. Next, Constantine moved the capital from Rome to the Greek city of Byzantium in what is now Turkey. He enlarged and enriched the city at enormous expense. They built massive walls and stately buildings to protect their new capital. Six years later the new city was finished and it was called Constantinople or city of Constantine. Coins that have Constantine with a helmet on were made for the new city. Two years later, tragedy struck the house of Constantine. Constantines wife, Fausta, had accused Constantines eldest son, Crispus of adultery with her and plotting to seize the throne. Without checking the truth of these accusations, Constantine had his son murdered. When Constantine discovered Fausta lied to him, he had her suffocated or boiled alive in her bath by slowing running up the temperature of the water. Constantine died at Nicomedia in

St. Lawrence University Admissions and Acceptance Rate

St. Lawrence University Admissions and Acceptance Rate St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York is a somewhat selective school. Less than half of applicants are accepted each year. Students with strong grades and an impressive application, however, have a decent chance of being admitted. Applicants are not required to submit SAT or ACT scores. They will need to send in high school transcripts, a personal essay, and several letters of recommendation. For help with the application process, feel free to contact the admissions office at St. Lawrence. Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) St. Lawrence University Acceptance Rate: 43  percentSt. Lawrence University is test-optionalGPA, SAT and ACT graph for St. LawrenceWhat these SAT numbers meanWhat these ACT numbers mean St. Lawrence University Description St. Lawrence University can boast that it has been coeducational with a progressive teaching philosophy since its founding in 1856. The schools name comes from the nearby St. Lawrence river, the site of both crew practice and academic research. The university is located in Canton, New York, a town not far from Potsdam. Explore the campus with the  St. Lawrence University Photo Tour. The university has a graduate program in education, but SLUs primary focus is at the undergraduate level. With an 12 to 1  student/faculty ratio, students are sure to get a lot of interaction with the faculty. Study abroad, community service, and sustainability are all important parts of St. Lawrences identity, and starting in the fall of 2012, some first-year students got the opportunity to spend their first college semester in London, and the university has had a second-semester program in France for several years. On the athletic front, the St. Lawrence Saints compete in the NCAA Division III Liberty League for most sports. The university has 32 intercollegiate teams and made my list of  top equestrian colleges. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 2,464  (2,377 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 45 percent male; 55 percent female99 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $51,200Books: $750 (why so much?)Room and Board: $13,190Other Expenses: $900Total Cost: $66,040 St. Lawrence University Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 100  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 100 percentLoans: 55 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $32,191Loans: $7,775 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Art, Biology, Economics, English, Fine Arts, History, Mathematics, Political Science, Psychology, Social Science, Sociology What major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 90  percentTransfer-out Rate: 13 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 81  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 84  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Skiing, Football, Golf, Ice Hockey, Riding, Rowing, Lacrosse, Basketball, Baseball, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Skiing, Riding, Soccer, Softball, Basketball, Field Hockey, Ice Hockey, Cross Country If You Like St. Lawrence University, You May Also Like These Schools Ithaca College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Vermont: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSkidmore College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTrinity College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Rochester: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphAlfred University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCornell University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBowdoin College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBates College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphHobart William Smith Colleges: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Michael Jackson Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Michael Jackson - Term Paper Example The other four members of this group were his brothers, Sigmund ‘Jackie’, Toriano ‘Tito’, Jarmaine, and Marlon. They began playing at local bars and clubs in Indiana. They later moved to compete in bigger competitions. The Jackson five were discovered by the Vancouver and the Bobby Taylor in 1968 and got an audition for Berry Gordy. They later signed for Motown, hence moving to California. It was here that their first four singles made US number one hits. During this time, Jackson with Motown recoded four solo albums. The group stayed in Motown until 1976, when they needed more artistic freedom and decided to move on (Pratt 81). They dropped the name Jackson Five, since it was owned by Motown and adopted the name The Jacksons. At this time, they had a number of records and made six albums altogether between 1976 and 1984. Michael later teamed up with his producer for his first solo album. The album was titled Off The Wall, and was a tremendous success all ov er the world. It was the first album ever released that produced the four number-one singles in the United States. The world’s largest selling album was released by Michael in 1982. It was titled Thriller. It produced seven hit singles, once again breaking more previously established records (Pratt 81). It has been documented to have sold over fifty million copies across the world. Jackson was careful, as well as skillful, in using the music videos to promote his singles from the album. His success has, nevertheless, been attached to his directors and producers. They were the best, and made use of the latest technology coupled with choreography and fantastic dancing. The short film, Thriller, incorporated latest artists in the make-up technology to produce a video which lasted 14 minutes, with the beginning, the middle part and the end. This video was so successful that it became the world’s largest selling video. At the Motown 25-years anniversary show, Jackson perfor med his legendary moonwalk for the first time. It was this performance that set him into the realms of a superstar (George 98). Michael broke a record by winning 8 Grammy awards in a single night in the year of 1984. These awards were for his narrative for the ET Storybook and the Thriller album. On 9th December 1984, during his final performance of The Jackson’s Victory Tour, he declared that he was quitting the group and going solo. His third, and much awaited solo album titled Bad, was released in 1987. It was during this time that he launched his first solo world tour that was significantly record-breaking (Josh 1). He wrote his first autobiography, Moonwalk, where he talked for the first time about his career and childhood. Michael was soon to turn thirty when significant changes were observed in his outlook. He seemed to have undergone a facial surgery, which not only changed his facial features, but also his skin color and jaw line. This did not, however, affect his mu sic career. By the end of 1980s, Michael was commonly known as the Artist of The Decade. This was as a result of his success in the Thriller and Bad albums. Michael signed the biggest ever recording agreement with Sony Music in 1991. It was during that time that he released his fourth album Dangerous. Touring the world in 1992, he brought his performances to the countries that had never received a pop artist. Other than his success in the

M6 and 7 policy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

M6 and 7 policy - Assignment Example Second, management of the implementation of core project functions such as monitoring the burden of disease and preventive services, supporting of public health research, identification and facilitation of project partnerships, building of capacity and infrastructure for sustainable implementation, program evaluation and policy development (Bob & Ron, 2010). Second, review of public health priorities in relation to dental health. Third, draw project work plan with phases, tasks, and milestones to track progress over time. Forth, monitor costs and progress of projects in relations to oral health budgets and project modifications of work plan, strategic goals and timelines. Managers strategize by focusing on energy investment as a critical ingredient of growth and productivity. For example by establishing what consumes the energy of a company and what replenishes it in respect to operations, people resources and financials. Managers also strategize by focusing on conversations in meetings. According to Bob & Ron (2010), managers are responsible for the quality of each conversations made in every company meeting. They are bound to paraphrase the questions to be of thought provoking nature for purposes of creating ideal outcome for instance a manager can pose a question like â€Å"how can we best increase our monthly sales turnover by 15 per cent† in a meeting with sales teams . In addition managers strategize by aligning organizational goals with the organization’s vision and mission. Situational analysis is the logical gathering and evaluation of past and present data relating to social, economic, political and technology for purposes of identifying external and internal forces that may impact on company’s performance and choice of strategies(Linda, Jack & Peter, 2012). It also aims at assessing future and current organization’s opportunities, strengths and weaknesses. A situational analysis in the implementation of oral health

Relationship Between Department Essay Example for Free

Relationship Between Department Essay Having people know about different language skills will help them to be more knowledge and will help them to be easy understanding around people that are different from themselves. Make sure that we have training regularly about employee cultural differences so employees will finally to cooperation peaceful. Reduce the conflicts and disputes between of them. On the other hand, our company will be provide more money to encourage our employees learn more language s. Enhance their language skill. This plan will not only be able to assist them to strengthen their language and culture and communication skills, but also help in the works. We are the five stars and luxury hotels, most of the guests visiting from different countries, If our employees have excellent language skills after training, so that more in-depth understanding of the needs of customers and provide them with the best service. The second point on how to deal with employee cultural differences is to make sure that people know what the respect is. Ensure that everyone knows that some of colleagues always treat not fair on way. Or does not get special treatment because of their cultural difference. We will also want to make sure that you have something that goes out to remind people that everyone is equal. We can do this either by employee training or meeting; I can have a little presentation in staff training. I just need to make sure that it is addressed so people know that it is ok to have cultural differences in our hotel. However, quick to criticize and condemn the error of employees, and received the award slowly, many managers are always discriminated against ome of the staff, because they are not locals. Part of the local staff will imitate manager. Such discriminatory behavior, only a few people willing communicate with them. Therefore, they increase the pressure and the self-esteem hurt performance directly affects the workers left. On the other hand, if the situation continues, the relationship between employees will become fragmented. More reminiscent of the dictator. Simply dictating to them wh at they could get the job done, but there is no incentive to do it well. Employees are not exactly the same as the standard machine to perform over and over again the same job, if you do not recognize their effort. Their performance has been deteriorating. More modern and progressive workplace goals and reward schemes to motivate employee. In addition, the manager must make a good role model to promote the relationship between the employees become harmonious, happy work. The third point on how to deal with employee cultural differences is if some one is getting picked on because of their culture. You need to make sure that people know that it is not acceptable to treat others differently because of their culture. You will want to make sure that you take some action so that the problem does not continue. The worst thing is to have a unhappy employee because some one else has taken it upon themselves to be rude because of the racial discrimination. The fourth point on how to deal with employee cultural differences is enhance the exchange between employees, a better understanding of each other, I decided to organize more large-scale events in our company in future. For example, some large dinner, outdoor travel, outdoor activities such as football matches, participate to Marathon. These activities can make between employees a better understanding of each other, to establish a good relationship. If the employees between full unity, communication and reduce differences on return to work, they like these movements smooth co-develop team efforts, make excellent performance, driving the company‘s internal and external developments. There will be space for development cannot estimate. Therefore, Outdoor activities and group activities for communication.

The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Essay examples -- Threats to World Pea

The region of the Middle East frequently referred to as Palestine has long been the site of much conflict. In recent years, a major effort on the part of the International community has been employed in an attempt to bring peace to the troubled region, yet every time peace accords seem to be at hand, everything falls apart. In order to fully understand the enmity that keeps causing peace talks to break down, one must look at the roots from which the conflict stems. If the root of the issue can be clearly devised, then movements towards peace in the region will be much more succinct. Palestinian Development Under Turkish Rule Issues concerning Palestine’s development in socio-cultural and religious terms begin to become apparent to the modern world once the Turkish Empire moved into the region. The Seljuk Turks, a Muslim group, took control of Jerusalem in 1071. Their rule was characterized by struggles with the Christian crusaders of Europe. Seeking to better their own position, another group of Turks, the Fatimids (from Egypt) allied themselves with the crusaders, but were later betrayed. The betrayal led to the capture of Jerusalem and Jaffa in 1099 along with the slaughter of many Jewish and Muslim defenders at the hands of the Christian Crusaders. The Muslim leader, Saladin, attacked and gained control of Jerusalem finally evicting the Crusaders in 1291. His particular Muslim group was known as the Mamelukes, who were originally â€Å"soldier-slaves of the Arabs.† While their empire was far reaching, including Palestine, it was comprised primarily of Arab-speaking Muslims, althou gh Jews from Spain and the surrounding Mediterranean area began to settle in and around Jerusalem in the late 1300s. With the defeat... ...4). â€Å"What is the evidence that the United Nations is biased against Israel?†. http://palestinefacts.org/pf_faq_palestine_un_anti_israel_bias.php Palestine Facts. (2004). â€Å"What is the history and status of US support of Israel?†. http://palestinefacts.org/pf_ 1991to_now_israel_us_support.php â€Å"Palestine, region, Asia†. The Columbia Encyclopedia. 6th Ed. http://www.bartleby.com/65/pa/Palestin.html â€Å"Passfield White Paper†. http://palestinefacts.org/pf_mandate_whitepaper_1930.php Pipes, Daniel. (2001) â€Å"The Muslim Claim to Jerusalem†. The Middle East Quarterly.Vol 8:4. http://www.meforum.org/article/490 United Nations. â€Å"The Plan Of Partition And End Of The British Mandate†. The Question of Palestine and the United Nations†. http://www.un.org/Depts/dpi/palestine/ch2.pdf United Nations. â€Å"Question of Palestine†. http://www.un.org/Depts/dpa/ngo/history.html

Most important Invention: The Computer Essay

When we think about technology mostly the first thing that comes to my mind is the image of a computer. Technological advancements such as computer have been designed to help humans and make the lives easy. In fact, computer is the Most important Invention because they can display and let you manipulate save information, and it is used in almost all fields . First of all computer have multi-tasking features that can minimize the work you have to do. The cheapest computer has at least the basic tasks such as mathematic that help you when you need to doing something in short time . For example, the only thing you must do is to type the information needed and it’s done. Secondly, computer can display and let you manipulate save information. You don’t need to use paper to save any information on shelves . You can have as many files as you can in a computer and organize them the way you like it without having to use any space. Finally, computer is used in almost all fields such as education, and any type of job. For example, you can use computers to play videogames, watch movies, listen to music and chat on the internet. So, computer is the most important Invention because you done the work in short time consumption on the activities, you can save the information and edit it anytime, and they let you do almost anything you need. Computer is tool of communication, and tool of education that can save money and time . You can have all the information in one place and dispose of it at the moment you need.

Article Critique: Masking Poor Communication Essay

â€Å"Take advantage of every opportunity to practice your communication skills so that when important occasions arise, you will have the gift, the style, the sharpness, the clarity, and the emotions to affect other people.† – Jim Rohn (Brain, 2001). Most of us do not realize that we are causing miscommunications while we are doing so. Studies show that we have believed we’ve communicated with the people we love better than we actually have. Sometimes we have an â€Å"illusion of insight†, study co-author Nicholas Epley, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, said in a university news release, which comes from growing close to friends and family. (Close, 2011). â€Å"Our problem in communicating with friends and spouses is that we have an illusion of insight. Getting close to someone appears to create the illusion of understanding more than actual understanding.† (Close , 2011). I know that I am misunderstood often; meanwhile, I rarely do the misunderstanding. I most often bump heads with my fiancà © but I most severely bump heads with my sister. My sister, Lissette, is 13 years older than I am; I have always assumed that our communication was open, clear, and effectively expressed. As it turns out I could not have been more wrong. I remember when I was 19 and I moved in with my sister; we had a great relationship, we were very happy with the living arrangements. That happiness was every so short lived. On several occasions we argued because one or the other perceived a symbol incorrectly. Lissette and I eventually had a big fight about some laundry, long story short I had to move out. We fought not because either one did something wrong but because things that were said were taken out of context by the receiver. Comments that were made by the sender, that were simply intended to inform the receiver of certain aspects, had a negative chain reaction. In hind sight, I did not say with my body, tone, or facial expressions what I was really trying to encode a different manner. In other words, I now think that I may have come on too strong a tone and character and my sister understood what she read on my body, not listening to the words. Reflecting on this article and other readings throughout the week, I came to some interesting conclusions. Studies do indicate that people often times believe that they communicate better with close friends and family than with strangers. â€Å"That closeness can lead people to overestimate how well they communicate, a phenomenon we term the ‘closeness-communication bias,'† study co-author Boaz Keysar, professor psychology professor at the University of Chicago, stated during a university news release  © 2011 HealthDay. Whether we are face to face, back to back, in another room, or on the phone with each other, misunderstanding can and will happen without either party reacting well to the misinterpretations. When something is said, it is both the senders and receivers responsibility to make sure they are clear in what they are saying and/or hearing. Without this tactic, there will be misinterpretations between the sender and receiver. As an effort to make sure that I don’t find myself in the miscommunication habit, I will have to work on my communication skills daily. I also believe that it is very easy to expect someone close to you to understand you, but it is more complex than simply understanding words. I will have to learn to appreciate that not everyone I love will always be on the same page as me. Additionally, I can express how I am feeling about the senders’ tones and their facial expressions, so that we will be on that same page. I can also gracefully place pauses and breaks into my conversations in order to allow the receiver time to give feedback. In these ways both the receiver and myself, the sender, will not assume what the other is saying or thinking. In chapter three of Interpersonal Communication it list things that we can do to improve our intrapersonal communication. One way you can increase awareness is to pay attention to what you select to focus on and how you interpret your world, i.e. is the glass half full or half empty? Another is to increase your self-awareness â€Å"To improve your communication skills, you must first increase your self-awareness to understand how you interpret your world† (Sole, K. 2011) References Close relationships sometimes mask poor communication. (2011, January). U.S. News & WorldReport, 1. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global. Document ID: 2270370591. Sole, K. (2011).Making connections: Understanding interpersonal communication. San Diego,CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. (https://content.ashford.edu) http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/topics/topic_communication.html 2001-2003

The Crusdes essays

The Crusdes essays Three crusades transformed Western Europe; these crusades had many affects. Crusades come from the Latin word crux meaning cross and crusaders, the men who fought in the crusades vowed to take up the cross. During the first crusade Arab Muslims conquered Jerusalem and the entire region of Palestine. The new rulers allowed the Christian pilgrims to travel in between Jerusalem without trouble. About 400 years later, the Seljuk Turks obtained control if Jerusalem. After the Turks took possession, Palestine was left in pandemonium. The Byzantine Empire was threatened by the Seljuks, and even Constantinople; the threats caused the emperor of Byzantine to demand aid from the West. Pope Urban II summoned for a crusade that asked the Christians of Europe to quit fighting each other and help to steal Palestine from the Seljuks. During the first crusade many Jews were killed, as well as entire Jewish communities as many disliked the non-Christian peoples. The crusaders finally reached the Jerusalem, which caused the holy city to fall. The second crusade came soon after the first, only about 50 years later. The Seljuks soon conquered Palestine again, which meant another crusade was about to take form. Pope Eugenius IV called for a second crusade to reclaim the territory. King Louis VII as well as the Holy Roman Emperor Conrad III both led their armies to battle in Palestine. The second crusade was unsuccessful because of the clashing of the two men. The third crusade was known as the Crusade of Kings. Even though this crusade lasted nearly four years, it was no more successful than that of the second crusade. The overall effects of the crusades on Western Europe were very significant. They helped to break down feudalism and increase kings authority. The crusaders contact with the more advanced Byzantine and Muslim civilizations helped to widen the Europeans views of the world. Many citie ...

Canada and World War II

This paper studies the causes of WWII and Canadas participation in the war. This paper begins with an exploration of the various causes of WWII, focusing on the rapid increase in the strength and might of fascist leaders and on economic depression. The paper then turns to the participation of Canada in the war. It looks at Canadas motivation to participate, at Prime Minister Kings policies and at specific battles in which Canadians were involved. The paper concludes with evaluations of the consequences of participation in the war for Canada. Second World War was a horrible event, which destroyed an entire generation and robbed millions of their dreams and hopes. This primary cause of this war was the rapid rise in the power and might of fascist regimes in Italy, Russia and Germany. Along with fascist power, it was the economic conditions of various European nations that gave the likes of Hitler a chance to turn their dream of world domination into a reality. This paper studies various causes of the Second World War and shed lights on Canadas participation in this war.

Requires..paraphrasing,,,grammar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Requires..paraphrasing,,,grammar - Essay Example The researcher did not have enough time to formulate adequate questionnaire method that will cover a comprehensive picture in uncovering the defects that has the most significant impact in hospital maintenance. CHAPTER 6: Conclusion and recommendations Introduction This chapter presents the conclusion of the case study followed by a set of recommendations on how to reduce the impact of defective design on KFH maintenance in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Conclusion Recommendations This case study has provided a number of valuable facts based on the interviewee’s answers on the questionnaires and subsequent validation of the applied literatures of the study. Based on the facts provided by the interviewees, some recommendations are presented in order to increase the effectiveness of maintenance efforts and to reduce the negative impact of defective designs on KFH maintenance in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study presents the recommendation from two areas; namely, maintenance reco mmendation and maintenance and design recommendations. Maintenance Recommendation In order to implement better and an effective maintenance practice, several recommendations are hereby proposed to reduce the impact of maintenance issues of the KFH as summarized as follows; 1- There should be a continuous development of the training curriculum by MOH that would reflect the best maintenance practices. ... 3- To better manage the availability and cost-effectiveness in the acquisition of spare parts related to maintenance, it is highly encouraged that some spare parts are to be manufactured locally. 4- The documentation of standards of maintenance and its specification at the various levels of maintenance management should be officially encouraged. 5- Conferences that allow experts in the maintenance field to impart their know-how should be encouraged to increase the knowledge and expertise of managers in the maintenance field. 6- Standard of best maintenance practice should be established. This should be reinforced by giving awards to companies that achieves the best practice in the maintenance industry. 7- Total Quality Management Strategies should be implemented to reduce maintenance errors through documentation to avoid repetition in the future. 8- Allocations of budget for maintenance should be adequate and sufficient to cover maintenance processes in maintenance contracting. 9- Cr iteria on the selection of contractors should be based solely on their history, expertise and experience in the field of hospital maintenance as enumerated: Provides proper planning and scheduling to hospital maintenance. Provides qualified and specialised maintenance workers. Procures high quality material to the hospital. Provides adequate budget to cover the need for maintenance. Provides efficient administration. Ensures the availability of required equipment and facilities. The objectives behind that recommendation are: To reduce and minimize errors committed by workers by continuous trainings and workshops. To optimise the performance and control/monitor maintenance systems. To reduce the risk of breakdown of hospital services. To increase the interaction of mechanical

Michel Foucault's Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Michel Foucault's Theories - Essay Example This is usually understood that people are dominate by big social groups and are unable to resist the power of institutions which control day-to-day lives. In the last ten years, the ideas of Foucault has been taken up and use not only by students, but also by professionals in numerous areas. Looking on the three major Foucault's themes in account of prison - power, subjectivity and surveillance - is vital to understanding ideas of Foucault. Foucault's works deal with discipline and instructions. He traces the workings of power at the micro-level and distinguishes his approach from studies of power that focus on the dominating role of the institutions. Foucault writes that it is necessary to cut off the king's head, to understand that power is not the property of the might, but rather the set of forces which establish positions and ways of behaving that influence people in everyday life (Grovier 2005). Foucault has distinguished his understanding of power by noting that there is no right and no wrong way of reasoning, and people are capable of making sense of the world through their own reasoning. However, the human understanding of the self and lives is always filtered though the ideas and institutions that constitute the society (Danaher 2000). Penal system is the s... Foucault devotes a lot of his writings to presenting the genealogy of the prison. IN particular, he writers about the changes in penal procedures in France in late 18th- early 19th centuries. The key change was the abandonment of the torture and public executions, the development of the incarcerating practices and regulating prisoners by practices of surveillance (Eribon 1991). Foucault relates these changes to the Enlightenment - the emerging philosophies based on humanistic virtues of reason and justice. Thus, the changes in prison system were the reflection of the idea that prisoners were aware of their failings. Thus, the old concept of power was replaced by the new physical power which Foucault associates with discipline. He offers two ways of understanding discipline - one tied to punishment, and the other to skills and knowledge. The second concept of discipline is like the set of qualities which humans need to master in order to be recognized and values within the particular field (Danaher 2000). If from the first perspective, discipline is negative, from the second perspective discipline is seen as the positive force tied with self-empowerment and achievement. Disciplinary power gives the person the space within the institution as well as the rank within the system. This ranking enables the institution to regulate the movement of people throughout the space as well as to regulate the progress they can make from one task to another. Foucault further notes that discipline was not simply imposed from above and people submitted themselves to be able to operate effectively in the social con ditions (McNay 1994). It is important to note that Foucault has collected the material

Individual Analytical Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual Analytical Report - Essay Example The internet pluralizes and expands the public sphere in various manners. The paper then moves on forward to the dimension of interaction in the public sphere, with emphasis on how public sphere internet deliberation proceeds in the political communication’s contemporary environment. Deliberative democracy is then examined in the analytic category. Civic cultures offer an alternative to the comprehension of online discussion of politics significance. The internet continues to have an enormous informational role in political communications. Public sphere is a constellation of a society’s communicative spaces, which allow the circulation of ideas, information, and debates, which are delivered in an unfettered manner. It also allows for the formation of political will and public opinion. These spaces, in which both the more recent interactive media and the mass media are prominently figured, serve as communicative links facilitators between the societal power holders and t he citizens (Alasuutari, 1999 p98). The term is utilized in singular form, although the plural form is pointed at by sociological realism. In differentiated large-scale societies, in the late modern era, especially in societies penetrated by globalization, the public sphere is understood as constituted of numerous different spaces. It constitutes of three main dimensions; representation, structures, and interaction. Structural dimension consists of formal institutional features (Anderson, 2003 p134). These include media organizations and their ownership, political economy, control, legal frameworks, regulations, and issues affecting financing. The dimension of representation is referent to the media’s output including that of the mass media and â€Å"minimedia† that have small groups as their target, especially promotional material and newsletters. All the familiar criteria and questions can be raised here concerning media output for political communication (Asen, 2001 p 109). These include fairness, completeness, accuracy, setting of agenda, pluralism of views and ideological tendencies. For the interaction dimension, there exist two aspects (Asen, 2001 p109). First is the encounter of the media with the citizens, and the process of communication that makes sense, interprets and uses the output. The second part has to do with the interaction between the citizens. This could include large meetings or two-way conversation. Contemporary democracies have been facing difficulty, with the evidence showing that issues regarding public sphere’s representations, structures and interaction modes (Baker, 2002 p 78). Democracy’s poor health came into sharp focus at the same time as the internet’s rapid leadership of media revolution. These two phenomena were connected optimistically. Traditional political communication systems were destabilised by late modern societal changes. This was attributed to an increase in socio-cultural heterog eneity, massive increase in channels and media outlets, an increase in political mediators and political advocates like consultants and experts, growing disengagement and cynicism among citizens, and the emergence of cacophony due to media abundance (Beck, 1997 p178). Citizens belonging to more than one culture or group must find spaces for meaningful participation (Bennett, 2003a p199). This is due to the current trend for pluralism and the

The Issue Of Teenage Pregnancy

The Issue Of Teenage Pregnancy When you are a little child you always imagine what life will be like when youre older. As a child you think you will grow up a singer, firefighter, policeman or something special; you dont ever think that you will become a teen mother or parent. Teen pregnancy is becoming a complex issue in the United States (Klein, 2005). It not only affects the families of the teen parents, it also affects the government, health care, educators, and the teen (Klein, 2005). When a little girl grows up she always says that she wants to be a mommy one day like her own mother, but never states that she wants to be a teenage mother. Young pre-teens and teens from ages 12-18 are increasingly having babies these days. Even though they dont know it their young age and stage in development will have a great impact on the growing infant. Being a teen mom will not only affect their lives, it will affect their babies. Girls around the ages of nine until about sixteen years old go to puberty and menarche which is sometimes difficult for girls to understand and be comfortable with. Going through the developmental stage of puberty girls develop into young ladies and their bodies develop more; these developments are the ones that attract the boys. When girls are ready to explore them never really think about all of the outcomes of their actions. About one fourth of American adolescents have had intercourse by the age of fifteen years old (Klein, 2005). Most of the time, an adolescents first time is without using contraception;63% of teens reported did not use a condom their last intercourse(Klein,2005) .This can be a huge factor with teenage pregnancy and the increased rates of STDs. When teens have intercourse and experiment, they dont think twice about getting pregnant or what could happen in the future. Teen mothers are not full developed in their stage of development. Their brains and bodies are still immature and some arent even developed enough to hold a child. A child at the age of twelve is in their awkward stage in development when their body starts to look weird to them. Carrying a child at that age has serious risks due to the fact that the child does not have the body to carry an infant. With 20% of 740,000 U.S. teen girls getting pregnant a year, prevention strategies should be taken (Berk, 2012). Also, teen mothers often do not know they are pregnant until it is too late, which then they do not have a good start on the prenatal care of the baby. Most teen mothers still smoke, drink, and have inadequate diets that can cause complications to the infant (Berk, 2012).Teen moms also do not have the funds to get good prenatal care and care for themselves while they are pregnant. Poor prenatal care of the infant can suppress the development if the immune system and cause problem s with the respiratory system (Berk, 2012). Teen mothers have a higher rate of having babies that are underweight, and there is a higher risk for Down syndrome in the fetus. The United States holds the record for the highest teen pregnancies in the world (Gallup-Black Weitzman, 2004). The shocking part about teen pregnancy today is that it is lower than it was in 1991(Berk, 2012). Teen pregnancy also has other leading factors to it that psychologist havent investigated yet. The new shows on TV called Teen Mom and Sixteen and Pregnant are factors to teen pregnancy are many ways. Teenage girls are watching these shows and saying Oh this is all I have to do to get a show on TV or Wow I hope I can be a teen mom and go on that show! Teen girls watching these shows look at the lives of other teens becoming parents but bypass the fact that they are struggling and look at the fact that they are making money for being teen mothers. Not only do the teens on these dreadful shows become TV stars, their faces start to become posted on all these different magazines such as People magazine or Seventeen magazine. This makes teen girls want to buy the magazine and influences them to get pregnant even more. MTV and other television stations should create shows on what teen pregnancy does to your life and to prevent teen pregnancy rather than have teen mothers flaunt their pregn ancy around. The only positive thing about the show Sixteen and Pregnant is that it is more of a documentary and it does show that the teens are struggling and having a hard time being a teenager and a parent. Adolescent teen mothers usually come from a low income or poor family. About 83% of teen moms who give birth are from a low income household (Klein, 2005). The economic circumstances of teen mothers are a huge issue. Due to the fact that most teen parents are not graduated high school and most of them end up dropping out of school, those being able to find a good job to support their new family are extremely difficult. Usually teen mothers and fathers find low-paying, unskilled jobs which can only provide the new baby with the basic necessities (Berk, 2012). Teenage mothers cannot work until about 6 weeks after the child is born, so they are more dependent on the teen father and their parents to support the teen and the baby they just delivered. Teen mothers not only have to deal with the stress of having a new baby, they also have to deal with stress of income and school. Discussion Teen pregnancy is a huge issue in the United States and all around the world. Teens from the ages of 12-19 are having sex and most of them arent realizing the full consequences of intercourse without contraception and birth control. Condoms and birth control are free in many states and all a teen has to do is go to the nearest clinic and ask for them. With approximately 900,000 teenage girls getting pregnant every year in the United states (Klein, 2005), prevention measures should be taken. Teen moms do not realize that their bodies arent fully developed to carry children and that they are not fully mature enough to become a parent. Most teen moms become single mothers due to the fact that the teen father runs off because he cannot handle to pressures of parenting. Teenage girls are having children and not thinking about the drastic change that the child is going to have on them and their families. Even though 35% of adolescent pregnancies end in abortion (Gallup-Black Weitzman, 2004 ); teens that have their babies are unaware of what being a parent is. Also, teen mothers are most likely to drop out of high school and then will not ever get the chance to see how the rest of their high school years, graduation, and college experiences would be. Their incomes will be lower because most fathers or mothers will not have a successful job. About 50% of teen parents have also had a criminal record or have been committed of some illegal offense (Berk, 2012). Through these facts and main ideas stated in this research paper, teen pregnancy is clearly an issue and should be pronounced as an issue. There should be more methods of prevention taken so that teens get a clear view of what their life would be like as a teen parent. High schools and middle schools should address this issue to their students to help them realize what a great impact becoming pregnant as a teen has on them and their whole world. Teens should use condoms and learn more about what the actions and consequences of sex are before and while they do it. Also there should be more support group or other centers for teen moms to meet up and discuss how their lives have changed and support one another. Becoming a teen mother is not the end of the world, and the mothers should know that. Teen mothers need support and do teens without children to learn the changes and to prevent the other teens from having children at such a young age. Throughout this research and the articles su pporting this research, teens should follow through and learn about prevention and contraception so they can become successful and live their lives before becoming a parent.

Ultimate Pets: How an Independent Pet Shop Competes with Giant Pet Stor

This essay explains how I intend to open an independent pet store, Ultimate Pets. Although there are already several pet stores in my community which are owned and operated by the giant pet super-store chains, I will position Ultimate Pets in the market so that it can successfully compete with the established pet super-store chains. As a business in the pet industry, an exotic pet shop offers many products that a large corporation would, but differentiates in a way with the wide range of animals it actually carries in stock. Our store does not carry just any products for the care of your exotic pet. Here at Ultimate Pets we only feature the top brands and products for optimal care. With a helpful and knowledgeable staff to assist you with every question you have about animal care, they will point you in the direction of what is needed to solve your problem. There are many advantages of shopping with us. Most importantly, we will not sell you something that is not needed for optimal care, or sell you an animal that could possibly be sick. All of our pets are quarantined for multiple days before they are put out for sale. This is to prevent transmitting diseases, relieve stress, or mites to other animals they can be displayed with. We also make sure all animals are eating on their own before they are sold. Unlike large corporations, we do not buy from just any ordinary Joe selling animals in large quantities. All of our animals are either bred in store, or are from a private breeder. This decreases the chance of stress and disease. The benefits of shopping with Ultimate Pets, is that you will never leave disappointed or unsure. To ensure customers know what it takes to care for their animals, each de... ...n amount of base and live rock that is recommended for that size. Sometimes this is a more appropriate tactic. We will also this for reptile/amphibian as well as bird cages and products. Many of our customers, want all the essentials right away, this is our way of doing so. References Miller, Gilson. 2012. 10 Ways Retailers Can Leverage Bundling of Products to Drive Sales. Retrieved from: http://upstreamcommerce.com/blog/2012/04/03/10-ways-retailers-leverage-bundling-products-drive-sales Ehmke, Cole. Fulton, Joan. Lusk, Jayson. 2014. Marketing’s Four P’s: First Steps for New Entrepeneurs. Retrieved from: https://www.extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/EC/EC-730.pdf Rodriguez, John. 2014. Owner of Pet Super Center Segrestfarms.com Royalpetsupplies.com Industry. 2009. Pet Shops. Retrieved from: http://www.immediate.com/images/Pet%20Shops.pdf

Promote Equality and Inclusion in Health

CU1532 PROMOTE EQUALITY AND INCLUSION IN HEALTH, SOCIAL CARE OR CHILDREN’S AND YOUNG PEOPLE’S SETTINGS Understand the importance of diversity, equality and inclusion Explain what is meant by diversity; equality; inclusion Diversity can be defined in many different ways. What does it mean to us? Diversity is a commitment to recognizing and appreciating the variety of characteristics that make individuals unique in an atmosphere that promotes and celebrates individual and collective achievement.Examples of these characteristics are: age; cognitive style; culture; disability (mental, learning, physical); economic background; education; ethnicity; gender identity; geographic background; language(s) spoken; marital/partnered status; physical appearance; political affiliation; race; religious beliefs; sexual orientation. Equality is ensuring individuals or groups of individuals are treated fairly and equally and no less favourably, specific to their needs, including areas of race, gender, disability, religion or belief, sexual orientation and age.Inclusion at its simplest is ‘the state of being included’ but it is a bit more complicated than that†¦ It is used by disability rights activists to promote the idea that all people should be freely and openly accommodated without restrictions or limitations of any kind. Describe the potential effects of discrimination Physical effects: headaches, poor appetite, a change in eating habits, sleeplessness, loss/gain of weight, deterioration of health, bruises, ulcers, lack of personal hygiene and lack of energy.Emotional effects: low self-esteem, lack of confidence, feeling unwanted, insecurity, becoming withdrawn, depression/stress, anxiety, sudden change in behaviour, lack of co-operation and learned helplessness. Social effects: isolation, lack of friends, becoming withdrawn, unrecognized as an individual, feel like a stranger and inability to build relationships. the intellectual effects: res tricted access to education, poor performance in examinations, lack of achievements, poor job prospects, lack of skills, self-fulfilling prophecy, loss of motivation, lack of interest in anything and absence from work.Explain how inclusive practice promotes equality and supports diversity Inclusive practice is about the attitudes, approaches and strategies taken to ensure that people are not excluded or isolated. It means supporting diversity by accepting and welcoming people’s differences, and promoting equality by ensuring equal opportunities for all. Inclusive practice is best practice. Health and social care workers demonstrate inclusive practice by working in ways that recognise, respect, value and make the most of all aspects of diversity.Having a sound awareness of and responding sensitively to an individual’s diverse needs supports them in developing a sense of belonging, well-being and confidence in their identity and abilities. And it helps them to achieve th eir potential and take their rightful place in society. In addition, inclusive practice involves having an understanding of the disastrous impact that discrimination, inequality and social exclusion can have on an individual’s physical and mental health.Having such an understanding ensures appropriate, personalised care and support, thereby enabling an individual to develop self-respect and maintain a valued role in society. Because people who fail to support diversity or promote equality are usually entirely unaware of their attitudes and the impact of their behaviour, inclusive practice involves reflecting on and challenging one’s own prejudices, behaviours and work practices.It also involves challenging those of colleagues and other service providers, with a view to adapting ways of thinking and working and to changing services to build on good practice and to better support diversity and promote equality. Be able to work in an inclusive way Explain how legislation and codes of practice relating to equality, diversity and discrimination apply to own work role The UK has in place numerous pieces of legislation (laws), rules, regulations, guidance documents and statutory codes of practice, all of which are intended to promote diversity, ensure equality and end discrimination.In other words, they are in place to promote everyone’s right to fair and equal treatment, regardless of their differences. The Human Rights Act 1998. This covers many different types of discrimination, including some that are not covered by other discrimination laws. Rights under the Act can be used only against a public authority, for example, the police or a local council, and not a private company. However, court decisions on discrimination usually have to take into account what the Human Rights Act says. The Equal Pay Act 1970 (amended 1984).This says that women must be paid the same as men when they are doing the same (or broadly similar) work, work rated as equ ivalent under a job evaluation scheme, or work of equal value. The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (amended 1986). This makes it unlawful to discriminate against men or women in employment, education, housing or in providing goods and services, and also in advertisements for these things. It’s also against the law, but only in work-related matters, to discriminate against someone because they are married or in a civil partnership.Race Relations Act 1976 (amended 2000). This states that everyone must be treated fairly regardless of their race, nationality, or ethnic or national origins. Disability Discrimination Act 1995. This states that a person with a disability must not be treated less fairly than someone who is able-bodied. Employment Equality (Religion or Belief) Regulations 2003. This says it is unlawful to discriminate against people at work because of their religion or belief. The regulations also cover training that is to do with work. Employment Equality (Age) Regulatio ns 2006.This says it is unlawful for an employer or potential employer to discriminate against you at work because of your age. Show interaction with individuals that respects their beliefs, culture, values and preferences I encourage clients to be independent members of the community and to take as much charge for their own self-care as is possible, within their Rights And Responsibilities. In my work, I adhere to the Legal Requirements of the Care Standards Act. I meet the requirements of the Registering Authorities within my role and aim to improve on these requirements.I have a ‘duty of care’ to my clients. I will advise and support clients with any matter they may require assistance with, within my role and capability. I ensure that no personal information regarding a client is disclosed to a third party without prior agreement of the client concerned. Communication with clients should be at the level of their understanding and provide privacy and promote dignity a nd self-respect. Carers via communications with client’s family, previous recording assessment and observation will be aware of any associated difficulties. It may be necessary to remind e. g. onfused elderly clients from time to time and assist where necessary. The Home encourages care workers to take on the role of advocates to promote the awareness of clients’ rights and help them gain access to the services they need. The following set of values is supported for all clients: The freedom of choice on personal matters and preferences. The opportunity to fulfill personal ambitions and develop knowledge and skills. The right to the fullest expression of citizenship. The right to lead an independent a life as possible. The right to privacy and personal space without hindrance.To be treated with respect and dignity in a caring manner at all times. To be recognised as an individual with regard to personal needs irrespective of circumstances. The right of freedom of moveme nt from one place to another without restriction. It is necessary that all records be accurate, legible and complete and current in all circumstances including the promotion of rights and responsibilities. Be able to promote diversity, equality and inclusion Demonstrate actions that model inclusive practice The Equality Act became law in October 2010. It replaces previous legislation such as the Race Relations Act 1976 and the Disability Discrimination Act 1995) and ensures consistency in what you need to do to make your workplace a fair environment and to comply with the law. The Equality Act covers the same groups that were protected by existing equality legislation – age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion or belief, sex, sexual orientation, marriage and civil partnership and pregnancy and maternity – but extends some protections to groups not previously covered, and also strengthens particular aspects of equality law.The Equality Act is a mixture of ri ghts and responsibilities that have:  · Stayed the same – for example, direct discrimination still occurs when â€Å"someone is treated less favourably than another person because of a protected characteristic†  · Changed – for example, employees will now be able to complain of harassment even if it is not directed at them, if they can demonstrate that it creates an offensive environment for them  · Been extended – for example, associative discrimination (direct discrimination against someone because they associate with another person who possesses a protected characteristic) will cover age, disability, gender reassignment and sex as well as race, religion and belief and sexual orientation.  · Been introduced for the first time – for example, the concept of discrimination arising from disability, which occurs if a disabled person is treated unfavourably because of something arising in consequence of their disability. Demonstrate how to supp ort others to promote equality and rightsThe Home is committed to promoting equality of opportunity, tackling discrimination and welcoming and valuing the diversity of the communities we serve. This policy highlights compliance with anti-discriminatory legislation and regulatory requirements and our ongoing commitment to equality and diversity. It also acts as a framework for promoting and adopting best practice and delivering continuous improvement across all our key business areas. We believe that excellent customer service means providing a service that is accessible and desirable to all, that the promotion of equality and diversity is essential to our core business and that a diverse customer and staff base requires us to value those differences.We will drive commitment to equality and diversity in service delivery by providing accessible and customer focused services, improved understanding of the customer journey, build capacity to refer customers to other services and increas e methods of communication to meet our customer needs. The Home will aim to ensure that no person receives less favourable treatment from the organisation including on the grounds of race, colour, gender, transgender, marital status, religion, disability, age HIV status or sexual orientation. We will monitor all applications for housing and employment by ethnic origin, disability, age and gender to ensure we meet our objectives.Describe how to challenge discrimination in a way that promotes change Always challenge discrimination. Do it in a calm and professional way and tell the individual that what they are saying is unacceptable. You can also say that you are upset and offended by discriminatory words and actions. Also, that it is unlawful. In a work setting, discrimination can be a disciplinary matter and procedures should always be in place, in the form of written documentation, shared with the employee and employer. There should be support for you as an individual, if you are d ealing with discrimination. Challenging discriminatory behaviour means not letting this behaviour happen without taking some sort of action against it.There are many ways that people can be discriminated against. They include verbal or physical abuse, exclusion, labelling or stereotyping . It is important to challenge discriminatory behaviour because it can cause distress, ill health, isolation and stress to a service user. Discrimination usually arises from a lack of awareness and experience rather than deliberate intent. Each organisation needs a policy that will reflect its own ways of working, its community and constituency, activities and size. By examining in detail how you operate, you will learn to recognise how and where discrimination is manifesting itself and be able to deal with each instance.